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From a medical perspective, boxing injuries are unlike those suffered in other sports. The Eye on Health team spoke with a local neurosurgeon who's been keeping track of local cases. Las Vegas neurosurgeon Lonnie Hammargren has operated on five boxers. He also keeps records of other cases through the years that local surgeons have worked on. He says that a contact punch accelerates the head, causing the brain to bounce around. This in turn leads to swelling and bruising. Dr. Hammargren says, "The knock out punch and the classic thing is the single punch that's maybe transmitted from the jaw to the base of the brain and it scrambles the messages in the conscious centers in the brain stem. And that's why a person goes unconscious." While a knock out punch may render an opponent unconscious -- it usually isn't known right away if it was a deathblow. Dr. Hammargren explains, "Just like the boxer wasn't knocked out the other night. He was okay afterwards. Two different doctors saw him. And then he started wobbling. So, it's progressive bleeding from this blood vessel that is slowing bleeding in the head." Boxing injuries may require invasive neurosurgery to repair. Continuous blows to the head can also lead to chronic problems down the road. Dr. Hammargren adds, "But specifically, Parkinson's from being hit in the head so many times. So there are other problems with hydrocephalis, with atrophy of the brain." Injuries are common in most forms of contact sports, including football. But the old 1-2 in boxing sets it from the rest. "The goal is to punish somebody until their brain stops working," Dr. Dr. Hammargren explains. Dr. Hammargren says that while statistics show there have been five boxing deaths in Nevada since 1994 -- the number is actually higher if you take into account amateur boxing
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